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Redlands, California

Coordinates: 34°3′17″N 117°10′57″W / 34.05472°N 117.18250°W / 34.05472; -117.18250
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Redlands, California
City
Clockwise: University of Redlands; historic Post Office; Redlands Police Station; historic Fox Theatre; University of Redlands
Flag of Redlands, California
Flag
Official seal of Redlands, California
Seal
Nickname: 
"Jewel of the Inland Empire"[1]
Location of Redlands in California
Location of Redlands in California
Redlands is located in California
Redlands
Redlands
Location in the United States
Redlands is located in the United States
Redlands
Redlands
Redlands (the United States)
Coordinates: 34°3′17″N 117°10′57″W / 34.05472°N 117.18250°W / 34.05472; -117.18250
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
CountySan Bernardino
IncorporatedDecember 3, 1888[2]
Named forThe red color of the adobe soil of the area
Government
 • TypeCouncil-Manager[3]
 • MayorMario Saucedo[4]
Area
[5]
 • Total
36.24 sq mi (93.87 km2)
 • Land35.98 sq mi (93.20 km2)
 • Water0.26 sq mi (0.67 km2)  0.83%
Elevation
[6]
1,358 ft (414 m)
Population
 (2020)[7]
 • Total
73,168
 • Density2,000/sq mi (780/km2)
Time zoneUTC−8 (Pacific)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−7 (PDT)
ZIP Codes[8]
92373–92374
Area code909[9]
FIPS code06-59962
GNIS feature IDs0252966, 2411532
Websitewww.cityofredlands.org

Redlands (/ˈrɛdləndz/ RED-ləndz) is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 73,168,[7] up from 68,747 at the 2010 census. The city is located approximately 45 miles (72 km) northwest of Palm Springs and 63 miles (101 km) east of Los Angeles.

Redlands was founded in 1881 on land that encompassed native Serrano, Morongo and Cahuilla tribes. Redlands absorbed the communities of Terracina, Barton, Bryn Mawr, Crafton, Gladysta, and Lugonia when it incorporated in 1888.[10] Redlands is home to the Asistencia Mission founded in 1819 by early European settlers.[11] By the early 20th century, it was a major focal point of California's citrus industry and boosted the world's largest producer of naval oranges in the world.

Throughout its past, Redlands has a history of philanthropic residents establishing lasting legacies. The Smiley Library in 1898, the University of Redlands in 1907, the Redlands Bowl in 1924, the Lincoln Memorial Shrine in 1932 and the Redlands Bicycle Classic in 1985.[12] Today, Redlands is a strong growing community with a diverse economy, and growing population in the Inland Empire region of southern California. Redlands is home to Esri, Citrus Plaza, The Redlands Historical Glass Museum and the San Bernardino County Museum.

History

[edit]

The area now occupied by Redlands was previously part of the territory of the Morongo and Aguas Calientes tribes of Cahuilla people. Explorations such as those of Pedro Fages and Francisco Garcés sought to extend Catholic influence to the indigenous people and the dominion of the Spanish crown into the area in the 1770s. The Tongva village of Kaawchama, located just to the west of present-day Redlands, was visited by Fr. Francisco Dumetz in 1810, and was the reason the site was chosen for a mission outpost.[13][14] Dumetz reached the village on May 20, the feast day of Saint Bernardino of Siena, and thus named the region the San Bernardino Valley.[15] The Franciscan friars from Mission San Gabriel established the San Bernardino Asistencia in 1819 and embarked on the usual program of training the native tribes to raise crops and encouraging permanent settlements. By 1820, a ditch, known as a zanja, was dug by conscripted native labor for the friars from Mill Creek to the Asistencia. In 1822, word of the Mexican triumph in the War of Independence reached the inland area, and lands previously claimed by Spain passed to the custody of the newly established Mexican government.

Lugonia

[edit]

In 1842, the Lugo family bought the Rancho San Bernardino Mexican land grant and this became the first fixed settler civilization in the area. The area northwest of current Redlands, astride the Santa Ana River, would become known as Lugonia. The region was part of Alta California, a Mexican federal province until 1848, when it became part of the United States after the Mexican-American War. By 1850, California as a US state was established. The area received its first Anglo inhabitants in the form of several hundred Mormon pioneers, who purchased the entire Rancho San Bernardino, founded nearby San Bernardino, and established a prosperous farming community watered by the many lakes and streams of the San Bernardino Mountains. The Mormon community left wholesale in 1857, recalled to Utah by Brigham Young during the tensions with the US federal government that ultimately led to the brief Utah War. Benjamin Barton purchased 1,000 acres (4 km2) from the Latter-Day Saints and planted extensive vineyards and built a winery.[16]

"The first settler on the site of the present Redlands is recorded to have erected a hut at the corner of what is now Cajon St. and Cypress Ave.; he was a sheep herder, and the year, 1865," reported Ira L. Swett in "Tractions of the Orange Empire." Lugonia attracted settlers including, Barry Roberts in 1869, followed a year later by the Craw and Glover families. "The first school teacher in Lugonia, George W. Beattie, arrived in 1874—shortly followed by the town's first negro settler, Israel Beal."[17]

Railroads and founding

[edit]

In the 1880s, the arrival of the Southern Pacific and Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroads, connecting Southern California to San Francisco and Salt Lake triggered a land boom, with speculators such as John W. North flooding the area now known as the Inland Empire. North and others saw the area, with its hot, dry climate and ready access to water as an ideal center for citrus production. The city of Redlands was soon established by Frank E. Brown, a civil engineer, and E. G. Judson, a New York stock broker, to provide a center (along with North's nearby settlement at Riverside) for the burgeoning citrus industry. They named their city "Redlands" after the color of the adobe soil.[18] So large had the area grown by 1888 that it was decided to incorporate. "A red-letter day in the Annals of Redlands," pronounced Scipio Craig, editor of The Citrograph newspaper, of the November 26 incorporation.[19][20] The original communities of Lugonia, Bryn Mawr, Barton, Terracina, Gladysta, parts of Mentone, and parts of Crafton were absorbed at this time. The newspaper was first published in July 1887 by The Citrograph Printing Company, which remains in 2023 as both Redlands' oldest business and the longest-operating printing company in California.[21] E. G. Judson served as the first mayor of Redlands.[22]

The Redlands Street Railway Company was incorporated on March 22, 1888, acquiring on June 5 a franchise from the San Bernardino County Supervisors dating to December 1887, conveying the right to construct, operate and maintain for a term of 50 years a line of street railways in Redlands, Terracina and vicinity.[23] The initial operations began in June 1889 with a single-track line operating two-mule-team cars, the first street railway company of several to provide service to the community. Electrification and new rails replaced mules in 1899,[24] with electrical operation beginning in December.[25] Most Redlands street railways would pass to the San Bernardino Valley Traction Company in a consolidation on June 3, 1903,[26] and thence to the Pacific Electric in the "Great Merger" of Huntington properties under new ownership by the Southern Pacific Transportation Company on February 8, 1911.[27] Henry E. Huntington, nephew of late Southern Pacific president Collis P. Huntington, had gained control of the four-mile-long (6.4 km) streetcar line of the Redlands Central Railway Company in 1908.[28]

The Pacific Electric Railway (PE) completed an interurban connection between Los Angeles and San Bernardino in 1914, providing a convenient, speedy connection to the fast-growing city of Los Angeles and its new port at San Pedro, bringing greater prosperity to the town and a new role as a vacation destination for wealthy Angelenos. Redlands was the eastern terminus of the "Big Red Car" system. At its peak, PE operated five local routes in Redlands, with streetcars running to Smiley Heights and on Orange, Olive, and Citrus Avenues.[29] Pacific Electric's interurban service to Redlands was abandoned on July 20, 1936, with 2.07 miles (3.33 km) of track into the city lifted,[30] although PE and Southern Pacific (parent company of PE) provided freight service as far as the Sunkist packing plant at Redlands Heights on San Bernardino Avenue[31] into at least the 1970s. The Smiley Heights line was abandoned at this time, as well. Bus service operated by the Motor Transit Company, a subsidiary of Pacific Electric, began on July 20.[32] This also affected mail delivery in Redlands as "Approximately 80 percent of our mail from all directions arrives on the 5 a.m. electric car," explained Postmaster James B. Stone. "This dispatch is sorted and morning deliveries started by 8:30 a.m. on most routes. The post office department has temporarily arranged for this mail to be brought in by the Santa Fe train at 6:05 a.m. As this arrival is an hour later, our service will be one hour later."[33] The abandoned Pacific Electric La Quinta trestle over the Santa Ana River stood immediately south of San Bernardino International Airport into the 2010s but was removed when an Amazon facility was built adjacent to the site.

Redlands, 1908

Electricity

[edit]

"History was made in the electrical industry July 27, 1892, when a franchise was granted to the Electric Light & Power Co., which was incorporated Oct. 6 and began building a powerhouse in Mill Creek canyon. Thus the groundwork was laid for the world's first (three)-phase transmission line, which brought electricity to Redlands and later became a unit in the Southern California Edison Co."[34] The 250 kilowatt AC Mill Creek No. 1 Hydroelectric Plant was designed by Almirian Decker.[35] Electric arc lamps were first illuminated over Redlands streets on August 5, 1893. George B. Ellis, one of seven men who spearheaded the undertaking, is largely credited with originating the plan.[25]

"The first line was extended from the Mill Creek powerhouse to East Citrus avenue, thence to Redlands and to Mr. Ellis' Terracina hotel. By September the company was advertising power for sale to the public. The firm boasted of ability to supply current enough for 55 arc lamps, and 1,500 homes."[34] Engineer O. H. Ensign was "largely responsible for the success of the undertaking." When gas lighting became available in Redlands in 1900, many homes already had electricity.[25]

"The same group of men in 1894 organized the Southern California Power Co. Later it was merged with the Edison Electric Co., of Los Angeles, a forerunner of the Southern California Edison Co."[25]

Citrus

[edit]
Women packing oranges at the Sunkist packing plant in Redlands, 1943

In the spring of 1882, Mr. E. J. Waite of Wisconsin planted the first orange grove in the city. For almost 75 years, the city was the center of the largest navel orange-producing region in the world.[36] By the late 1930s, Redlands was a fruit-packing center surrounded by more than 15,000 acres (61 km2) of citrus groves. The city produced more than 4,200 railcars of navel oranges and 1,300 cars of Valencia oranges during the 1937–38 growing season.[37] During the 1930s and 1940s, labor activists campaigned in the canneries and packing houses for union representation and higher wages. The United Cannery, Agricultural, Packing, and Allied Workers of America (UCAPAWA) won 13 National Labor Relations Board representation elections in the Riverside-Redlands area in 1943. In 1945, the first annual Orange Queen Ball at the Redlands City Auditorium was held to raise funds for the union.[38]

The citrus industry declined in the area as more agricultural areas were replaced by subdivisions, and all three citrus packing houses (two in downtown and one on San Bernardino Avenue) had closed by the end of the 1900s. Today only one packing house remains to serve the needs of approximately the 2,500 acres (10 km2) of citrus that remains in production in the area.

Community

[edit]

At the turn of the 20th century, Redlands was the "Palm Springs" of the next century, with roses being planted along many city thoroughfares. Some of these plantings would survive as wild thickets into the 1970s, especially adjacent to orange groves where property management was lax. Washingtonia palms (Washingtonia robusta) were planted along many main avenues. So beautifully kept was the area, with the dramatic mountain backdrops, that for several years the Santa Fe Railroad operated excursion trains along the loop that passed through the orange groves of Redlands and Mentone, across the Santa Ana River, and back into San Bernardino via East Highlands, Highlands and Patton, and advertised as the "Kite Route" due to its multi-sided alignment. The trestle over "the Wash" north of Mentone was carried away during a flood in March 1938 and never replaced, the line being truncated there. The Southern Pacific branch line from the San Timoteo Canyon to Crafton was abandoned after the downtown packing house business died. A thru-truss bridge over the Zanja (locally pronounced "san-kee") exists today, abandoned in place. Burlington Northern Santa Fe, result of the AT&SF-Burlington Northern merger, applied to abandon its San Bernardino-connected branch line east of downtown Redlands in 2007, the last shippers at Crafton and Mentone having ceased operations. A move was made by transit activists beginning in the 1990s to have this branch revitalized as part of the Southern California transit districts, but it came to nothing for many years. After Metrolink regional commuter rail became involved and funds secured, reconstruction began in 2019 and named Arrow. It was completed in 2022, a Metrolink branch from San Bernardino to end-of-track on the eastern side of town adjacent to the campus of the University of Redlands. 5 new stations with mostly local service to and from the San Bernardino Transit Center and one daily ride to Los Angeles Union Station.

The city has been visited by three U.S. Presidents: William McKinley was the first in 1901, followed by Theodore Roosevelt in 1903 and William Howard Taft in 1909. Local landmarks include the A.K. Smiley Public Library, a Moorish-style library built in 1898, and the Redlands Bowl, built in 1930 and home of the oldest continuously free outdoor concert series in the United States. Located behind the Smiley Library is the Lincoln Shrine,[39] the only memorial honoring the "Great Emancipator", the sixteenth president Abraham Lincoln, west of the Mississippi River. Famous homes include "America's Favorite Victorian," the Morey Mansion,[40] on Terracina Boulevard, and the Kimberly Crest House and Gardens, a home museum featured on the PBS series "America's Castles." Named after the family that purchased the house, the owners of Kimberly-Clark (makers of paper goods and Kleenex), it is a beautiful mansion set high on a hill overlooking the whole valley. Redlands is still regarded as the "Jewel of the Inland Empire."[41]

In the mid-late 20th Century, Redlands was home to various light manufacturing firms, and became a bedroom community for the military personnel and contractor employees of the aerospace industry that supported missions at Norton Air Force Base, as well as the Lockheed Propulsion Company plant in Mentone. In 1989, Norton Air Force Base was placed on the Department of Defense closure list. Norton Air Force Base closed in 1994-1995 and the population dropped in the area, with a mild local economic recession occurring due to the closure in the area. The former Air Force Base is now the home of the San Bernardino International Airport and a variety of other business concerns also utilize the space.[42][circular reference] Jack Dangermond established Esri in 1969, a local software company. By the year 2000, he was the largest employer in Redlands. [43]

Geography

[edit]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 36.4 square miles (94 km2). 36.1 square miles (93 km2) of it is land and 0.3 square miles (0.78 km2) of it (0.83%) is water.

Climate

[edit]

The climate in this area is described by the Köppen Climate Classification System as "dry-summer subtropical" often referred to as "Mediterranean" and abbreviated as Csa.[44]

The data below were compiled from 1898 through 2015, accessed via the Western Regional Climate Center.[45]

Climate data for Redlands, CA
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 93
(34) 		92
(33) 		97
(36) 		106
(41) 		109
(43) 		114
(46) 		118
(48) 		113
(45) 		115
(46) 		110
(43) 		98
(37) 		90
(32) 		118
(48)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 79.7
(26.5) 		81.3
(27.4) 		85.6
(29.8) 		91.5
(33.1) 		96.0
(35.6) 		101.5
(38.6) 		104.8
(40.4) 		104.6
(40.3) 		103.5
(39.7) 		96.8
(36.0) 		87.6
(30.9) 		80.2
(26.8) 		107.4
(41.9)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 64.8
(18.2) 		66.1
(18.9) 		69.1
(20.6) 		73.8
(23.2) 		78.6
(25.9) 		86.8
(30.4) 		94.5
(34.7) 		94.3
(34.6) 		90.2
(32.3) 		81.0
(27.2) 		72.6
(22.6) 		65.8
(18.8) 		78.1
(25.6)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 39.4
(4.1) 		41.3
(5.2) 		43.6
(6.4) 		46.8
(8.2) 		51.2
(10.7) 		55.2
(12.9) 		60.3
(15.7) 		60.7
(15.9) 		57.6
(14.2) 		51.3
(10.7) 		44.0
(6.7) 		39.6
(4.2) 		49.3
(9.6)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 29.7
(−1.3) 		32.3
(0.2) 		34.7
(1.5) 		38.0
(3.3) 		42.8
(6.0) 		55.2
(12.9) 		60.3
(15.7) 		52.7
(11.5) 		49.1
(9.5) 		42.3
(5.7) 		34.6
(1.4) 		30.0
(−1.1) 		27.1
(−2.7)
Record low °F (°C) 18
(−8) 		25
(−4) 		28
(−2) 		31
(−1) 		33
(1) 		40
(4) 		49
(9) 		46
(8) 		41
(5) 		28
(−2) 		26
(−3) 		23
(−5) 		18
(−8)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 2.68
(68) 		2.64
(67) 		2.28
(58) 		1.17
(30) 		0.47
(12) 		0.10
(2.5) 		0.07
(1.8) 		0.15
(3.8) 		0.28
(7.1) 		0.69
(18) 		1.13
(29) 		1.89
(48) 		13.55
(345.2)
Source: WRCC[46]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18901,904—
19004,797151.9%
191010,449117.8%
19209,571−8.4%
193014,17748.1%
194014,3241.0%
195018,42928.7%
196026,82945.6%
197036,35535.5%
198043,61920.0%
199060,39438.5%
200063,5915.3%
201068,7478.1%
202073,1686.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[47]

2020

[edit]

The 2020 United States Census reported that Redlands had a population of 73,168. The population density was 2,032.9 inhabitants per square mile (784.9/km2). The racial makeup of Redlands was 44,632 (61.0%) White (44.0% Non-Hispanic White), 4,609 (6.3%) African American, 292 (0.4%) Native American, 5,926 (8.1%) Asian, 292 (0.4%) Pacific Islander, 9,072 (12.4%) from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 26,925 persons (36.8%).

The Census reported 25,273 households in Redlands. The average household size was 2.77. During 2017–2021, Redlands had a median household income of $87,184, with 8.7% of the population living below the federal poverty line.[7]

2010

[edit]

The 2010 United States Census[48] reported that Redlands had a population of 68,747. The population density was 1,887.3 inhabitants per square mile (728.7/km2). The racial makeup of Redlands was 47,452 (69.0%) White (54.0% Non-Hispanic White),[7] 3,564 (5.2%) African American, 625 (0.9%) Native American, 5,216 (7.6%) Asian, 235 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 8,266 (12.0%) from other races, and 3,389 (4.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 20,810 persons (30.3%). There is an extensive Mexican-American community in Redlands.[49]

The Census reported that 66,379 people (96.6% of the population) lived in households, 1,856 (2.7%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 512 (0.7%) were institutionalized.

There were 24,764 households, out of which 8,598 (34.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 12,374 (50.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 3,397 (13.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,291 (5.2%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,255 (5.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 164 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 6,083 households (24.6%) were made up of individuals, and 2,198 (8.9%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68. There were 17,062 families (68.9% of all households); the average family size was 3.21.

The population was spread out, with 16,273 people (23.7%) under the age of 18, 8,185 people (11.9%) aged 18 to 24, 17,381 people (25.3%) aged 25 to 44, 17,930 people (26.1%) aged 45 to 64, and 8,978 people (13.1%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.3 males.

There were 26,634 housing units at an average density of 731.2 per square mile (282.3/km2), of which 15,061 (60.8%) were owner-occupied, and 9,703 (39.2%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.2%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.9%. 41,102 people (59.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 25,277 people (36.8%) lived in rental housing units.

During 2009–2013, Redlands had a median household income of $66,835, with 12.5% of the population living below the federal poverty line.[7]

2000

[edit]

As of the census[50] of 2000, there were 63,591 people, 23,593 households, and 16,019 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,793.1 inhabitants per square mile (692.3/km2). There were 24,790 housing units at an average density of 699.0 per square mile (269.9/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 73.7% White, 4.3% African American, 0.9% Native American, 5.1% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 11.3% from other races, and 4.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 24.1% of the population.

There were 23,593 households, out of which 33.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.6% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.1% were non-families. 26.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.6 and the average family size was 3.2.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.2% under the age of 18, 10.7% from 18 to 24, 27.9% from 25 to 44, 22.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $58,155, and the median income for a family was $76,254. Males had a median income of $64,408 versus $52,122 for females. The per capita income for the city was $24,237. About 2.7% of families and 1.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.5% of those under age 18 and 5.2% of those age 65 or over.

The 2008 population estimated by the California Department of Finance was 71,807.[51]

Religion

[edit]
First Congregational Church
Redlands Temple of the LDS Church

Prior to European colonization, local tongva Serrano people practiced spirituality for millennia, web of life customs. The first known monothistic religious establishment in Redlands, was of the Christian faith. The catholic San Bernardino de Sena Estancia by Francisco Dumetz was established in 1819 on the feast day of Saint Bernardine. Part of an outpost of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel located 56 miles from Los Angeles, CA., a days trip walking. This outpost, was used to convert local native Tongva, Serrano, and Cahuilla Native Americans to christianity. With Spanish colonization and the subsequent Mexican era, San Bernardino Valley was a sparsely populated land grant rancho, considering it unsuitable for an actual mission. The estancia was later sold to José del Carmen Lugo who made it his home in 1842. The Catholic presence remains with the Holy Name of Jesus Catholic Church.

Jose del Carmen later sold his land grant of the San Bernardino Valley, including the estancia to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints members Amasa Lyman and Charles C. Rich, establishing a Mormon colony in nearby San Bernardino, CA.[52][53] Mormon presence remains in Redlands after the property was sold to Dr. Ben Barton in the late 1850s. The Redlands California Temple is the 116th operating temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and one of four LDS temples in Southern California.

Other variety of religions have a presence in Redlands, including a number of other Christian faiths, also Judaism, and Islam. There is a Redlands Area Interfaith Council.[54] Redlands has a large Seventh-day Adventist population along with the neighboring town of Loma Linda.

Judaism Congregation Emanu El, formerly located in nearby San Bernardino, in 2013 dedicated its new building on Ford Street in Redlands. The Congregation claims to trace its history back to the 1850s.[55]

Economy

[edit]

Major employers

[edit]

According to the city's 2021 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report,[56] the top employers in the city are:

# Employer # of employees
1 Esri 2,700
2 Redlands Unified School District 2,277
3 Redlands Community Hospital 1,373
4 Beaver Medical Group (aka Epic Mgmt) 920
5 University of Redlands 543
6 City of Redlands 449
7 Terracina Post Acute 354
8 Loma Linda University Behavioral Medical Center 279
9 The Home Depot 269
10 Amazon Fulfillment Center 250

Arts and culture

[edit]

Historic structures

[edit]
A.K. Smiley Public Library
Edwards Mansion
Kimberly Crest
Morey Mansion
Lincoln Shrine
San Bernardino County Museum
Redlands Bowl
Sankey, at Sylvan Park
Orange Blossom Trail, east of the terminal rail, University Station

Sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places include:

California Historical Landmarks include:

Other historic sites include:

Museums

[edit]

Theater and music

[edit]
  • Fox Event Center, formerly the Fox Theatre (1928), hosts live performances.[67]
  • The LifeHouse Theater is a Judeo-Christian community theater founded in 1993.[68]
  • Redlands Bowl Summer Festival, located at the Redlands Bowl, is the oldest continuously running music festival in the United States.[69]
  • Redlands Chamber Music Society holds performances at the Frederick Lowe Performance Hall.[70]
  • Redlands Footlighters is a volunteer community theater founded in 1945.[71]
  • Redlands Symphony performs through the academic year at the University of Redlands and during the summer at the Redlands Bowl.[72]
  • Redlands Theatre Festival is a summer volunteer community theater festival founded in 1972, that performs at Avice Meeker Sewall Theater in Prospect Park.[73]
  • Redlands Shakespeare Festival occurs each May at the Redlands Bowl.[74]
  • Redlands Bowl Summer Music Festival, established in 1924, is an outdoor performing arts festival.[75]

Local events

[edit]
  • Community July 4 is one of the largest Independence Day celebrations in California.[76]
  • Lincoln Pilgrimage, held each February, attracts more than a thousand Scouts and other youth to honor the ideals and life of President Abraham Lincoln.[77]

Sports

[edit]
  • Redlands Triathlon/Duathlon, your choice of a 5K run/10 mile bike/100 yard swim or a 5K run/10 mile bike/5K run-walk through Redlands held each February.[78]
  • Run through Redlands, established in 1984, one of the biggest running events in the Inland Empire area including a kinder-dash, 5K, 10K, and a half-marathon, is held yearly each March.[79]
  • One team represents Redlands in a semi professional league, the USL League Two. Founded in 2022.
Club League Sport Venue Established Championships
Redlands Football Club USL League Two Association football Dodge Stadium at Redlands High School 2022 0

Local attractions

[edit]
  • Downtown Redlands/Redlands Santa Fe Depot District: Bars, restaurants and packing house district retail plaza.[80]
    • Escape Craft Brewery: Local microbrewery located at the old 1906 Rondor Building in downtown Redlands.[81]
    • J. Riley Distillery: Adjacent to Escape Brewery.[82]
    • Redlands Mall: a former indoor shopping mall, now closed (except for a CVS Pharmacy), scheduled for demolition, to be replaced by extending State Street west adding shops and residential housing.
  • Citrus Plaza/Mountain Grove: a large open-air shopping center.
  • Pharaoh's Adventure Park: 20-acre (81,000 m2) theme park, renamed Splash Kingdom Waterpark. The park was used by television filming, including a 2006 episode of C.S.I. Las Vegas featuring a rollercoaster accident. The park was demolished in 2020.

Parks and recreation

[edit]

The city of Redlands owns and operates 24 public parks totaling more than 143 acres (0.58 km2),[83] and 10 city-approved trails.[84]

Government

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Post Office, erected in the 1930s by the Works Progress Administration.

Federal

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Redlands is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Alex Padilla and Laphonza Butler who was appointed by Governor Gavin Newsome after the death of Dianne Feinstein.

In the United States House of Representatives, Redlands is split between California's 33rd congressional district, represented by Democrat Pete Aguilar, and California's 23rd congressional district, represented by Republican Jay Obernolte.[85]

State

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In the California State Legislature, Redlands is split between the 19th Senate District, represented by Republican Rosilicie Ochoa Bogh, and the 29th Senate District, represented by Democrat Eloise Reyes.

In the California State Assembly, Redlands is split into three. All of North Redlands above I-10 is represented by the 45th Assembly District, represented by Democrat James Ramos. Downtown and southwest Redlands by the 50th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Robert Garcia and southeast Redlands area by the 47th Assembly District, represented by Republican Greg Wallis.[86]

Municipal government

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Redlands is a general law city that uses the council–manager form of government. Council members were elected at-large prior to 2018, now per council district per state law.[87][88] The mayor and mayor-pro-tempore are not directly elected, but are chosen by the council.[3] The mayor is Mario Saucedo.

Education

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Higher education

[edit]
University of Redlands


Public education

[edit]

Public education is administered by the Redlands Unified School District. Notable schools include:

Private education

[edit]

Infrastructure

[edit]
Redlands train station (1909), desiged by architect Arthur Brown, Jr.

Transportation

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Highways include:

  • Interstate 10. In the 1950s, three routes for the new freeway were considered: north Redlands adjacent the Santa Ana River (the Lugonia-Sand Canyon route); a center route through the city; and a southern alignment through San Timoteo Canyon, paralleling the Southern Pacific railroad tracks (the San Timoteo-Live Oak Canyon route).[90] The central route was finalized in 1957, and opened in 1962.[91]
  • State Route 210 (the Foothill Freeway).

San Bernardino-based Omnitrans bus system services Redlands.[41]

Rail

[edit]
See also: Streetcars in Redlands

Arrow operates a commuter rail service from the University of Redlands to San Bernardino with stops in Redland. Service began in 2022.[92] The San Bernardino Line of the Greater Los Angeles regional transportation system Metrolink services Redlands–Downtown station.

Airports

[edit]

Cemetery

[edit]

Hillside Memorial Park Cemetery, established in 1886 as a private cemetery, was acquired by the city in 1918.[93][94]

Notable people

[edit]
[edit]
  • The sitcom Cheers was inspired by a now-defunct pizza-parlor/bar in Redlands called "The Gay 90s"[101][102]

Sister cities

[edit]

Redlands has two sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International:

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Gold, Scott (November 25, 2001). "'Jewel of Inland Empire' Is Not Cherished by All". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  2. ^ "California Cities by Incorporation Date". California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Archived from the original (Word) on February 21, 2013. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
  3. ^ a b "City Council Members". City of Redlands. Archived from the original on June 6, 2017. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  4. ^ "City Council". February 7, 2022.
  5. ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  6. ^ "Redlands". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved November 4, 2014.
  7. ^ a b c d e "Redlands (city) QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 8, 2022.
  8. ^ "ZIP Code(tm) Lookup". United States Postal Service. Retrieved November 12, 2014.
  9. ^ "Number Administration System – NPA and City/Town Search Results". Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved February 20, 2007.
  10. ^ https://www.redlandsdailyfacts.com/2013/02/09/controversy-surrounded-naming-of-redlands/
  11. ^ https://www.sbcity.org/about/history/streets_and_places/table_of_contents/redlands
  12. ^ https://www.briggsandcoops.com/redlands-a-brief-history/
  13. ^ Crafts, E. P. R. (1906). Pioneer Days in the San Bernardino Valley. Redlands, California: Kingsley, Moles & Collins Co. pp. 12–13. ISBN 9783849680169.
  14. ^ Zappia, Natale A. (2014). Traders and raiders : the indigenous world of the Colorado Basin, 1540-1859. Chapel Hill. ISBN 978-1-4696-1585-1. OCLC 883632043. Wa'aachnga, also known as Kaawchama. This village became the site of present-day Redlands and the location of the San Bernardino Asistencia, built in 1820.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  15. ^ Robinson, W.W. (1962). The Story of San Bernardino County. San Bernardino, California: Title Insurance and Trust Company.
  16. ^ Hinckley, Edith B. (1951). On the Banks of the Zanja: The Story of Redlands. Claremont, California: The Saunders Press. p. 42.
  17. ^ Swett, Ira L., "Tractions of the Orange Empire", Interurbans Special Number Forty-One, Interurbans Magazine, Los Angeles, California, August 1967, Chapter 7, Redlands The Beautiful, page 61.
  18. ^ "About the City of Redlands". Redlands.edu. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
  19. ^ Craig, Scipio, "HURRAH! For the City of Redlands ! ! – Incorporation Carried by a Rousing Majority", The Citrograph, Redlands, California, Extra, November 27, 1888, Volume 3, Number -, front page.
  20. ^ Swett, Ira L., "Tractions of the Orange Empire", Interurbans Special Number Forty-One, Interurbans Magazine, Los Angeles, California, August 1967, Chapter 7, Redlands The Beautiful, pages 60–61.
  21. ^ "Citrograph Printing Co. Redlands CA Original Print Shop Est. 1887". Citrograph Printing Co.
  22. ^ https://www.cityofredlands.org/sites/main/files/file-attachments/councilmembers_service2018.pdf?1677621237 [bare URL]
  23. ^ Swett, Ira L., "Tractions of the Orange Empire", Interurbans Special Number Forty-One, Interurbans Magazine, Los Angeles, California, August 1967, Chapter 7, The Horse Cars of Redlands, page 34.
  24. ^ Swett, Ira L., "Tractions of the Orange Empire", Interurbans Special Number Forty-One, Interurbans Magazine, Los Angeles, California, August 1967, Chapter 7, Official Corporate (PE) Histories – The Redlands Street Railway Company, page 35.
  25. ^ a b c d Staff, "Historic Redlands Lighting System Today 50 Years Old - Street Illumination Proved Feasibility Of World's First Long Transmission Line", The San Bernardino Daily Sun, San Bernardino, California, Friday August 6, 1943, Volume 49, page 12.
  26. ^ Swett, Ira L., "Tractions of the Orange Empire", Interurbans Special Number Forty-One, Interurbans Magazine, Los Angeles, California, August 1967, Chapter 7, The Redlands Street Railway Company, page 54.
  27. ^ Swett, Ira L., "Tractions of the Orange Empire", Interurbans Special Number Forty-One, Interurbans Magazine, Los Angeles, California, August 1967, Chapter 21, Pacific Electric Waxes and Wanes, page 235.
  28. ^ Crump, Spencer, "Ride the Big Red Cars – The Pacific Electric Story", Trans-Anglo Books, a division of Interurban Press, Glendale, California, 1983, Seventh Edition – Summer 1988, LCCN 77-72017, ISBN 0-87046-047-1, page 65.
  29. ^ Crump, Spencer, "Ride the Big Red Cars – The Pacific Electric Story", Trans-Anglo Books, a division of Interurban Press, Glendale, California, 1983, Seventh Edition – Summer 1988, LCCN 77-72017, ISBN 0-87046-047-1, page 95.
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  33. ^ Staff, "Late Mail To Result From P.E. Stoppage", The San Bernardino Daily Sun, San Bernardino, California, Sunday July 19, 1936, page 15.
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  35. ^ http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/Milestones:Mill_Creek_No._1_Hydroelectric_Plant,_1893 IEEE Milestones, Mill Creek No. 1 Hydroelectric Plant, Retrieved January 4, 2012
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  37. ^ Workers of the Writers' Program (1941). Los Angeles: A Guide to the City and its Environs. Hastings House Press.
  38. ^ Vicki L. Ruiz. Cannery Women, Cannery Lives. University of New Mexico Press, 1987, pp. 81–83.
  39. ^ "The Lincoln Memorial Shrine – A Lincoln Museum in Redlands, CA". www.lincolnshrine.org.
  40. ^ "Morey Mansion". moreymansion.com.
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  42. ^ Norton Air Force Base
  43. ^ "Esri Named on Forbes Best Midsize Employers List". Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 8, 2018.
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  72. ^ "Redlands Symphony Website".
  73. ^ "Redlands Theatre Festival Website".
  74. ^ "Redlands Shakespeare Festival Website".
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  80. ^ "Commission OKs another Packing House project". March 24, 2022.
  81. ^ "Escape Craft Brewery, J. Riley Distillery move into new homes in downtown Redlands". May 3, 2021.
  82. ^ "Escape Craft Brewery, J. Riley Distillery move into new homes in downtown Redlands". May 3, 2021.
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  92. ^ Asperin, Alexa Mae (October 24, 2022). "Metrolink's new 'Arrow' train service from Redlands to San Bernardino begins". KTTV. Fox Television Stations. Retrieved October 24, 2022.
  93. ^ "Hillside Cemetery". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
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  95. ^ Goldsmith, Barbara (June 21, 1987). "LIFE ON STRUGGLE MOUNTAIN". The New York Times.
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  98. ^ Bonn, Kyle. "Who has the most assists in men's international football history? Lionel Messi, Neymar seek all-time FIFA record". The Sporting News. Sporting News. Retrieved 12 June 2024.
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  100. ^ "DIY Network Shows on Magnolia Network".
  101. ^ "Gay 90s was popular local hangout". Redlands Daily Facts. 2010-03-27. Retrieved 2024-10-16.
  102. ^ "The Mug has dished up pizza for 62 years". Daily News. 2011-01-11. Retrieved 2024-10-16.
[edit]
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